nisewitz



(No M odel.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

F. NIsI-IWITZ.

, HARROW.

180.288.658. Y Patented Nov. 20, 1883.

` N @Mm/M (Nomdel.) h 3 sheetssheet 3.

F. NISHWITZ.

- 4 HARROW. No.l 288,658. Patented Nov. 20', l1883.

' Fig-5h F1910.-

wrrNEssEs iNvENToH N. PETERS, Plmmumngnphur. washingla". D. c

. y UNITED STATES' PATENT Grinch@ FREDERICK N ISHVI'IZ, OF MILLINGTON,NEW JERSEY.

HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part oflLetters Patent No.288,658, dated November.20, 188.3.`

Application filed July 21, 1883. (N model.)

To all whom may concern/.,-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK Nisriwirz, of Millington, in the county ofMorris and `State of New Jersey, have invented cert-ain new and usefulImprovements in Harrows, of which the following is a specification. v

My invention relates to that class of harrows in which trailing curvedcutters or teeth are carried upon gang-bars arranged transversely acrossthe line of draft, and on which several .patents have heretofore beenissued to me.

My present invention relates more especially, first, to an improvedsulky organization of my machine; second, to certain `improvements inthe manner of connecting the draft-pole or tonguewwith the transversecross bar orbars; and, third, to the manner of and devices for attachingthe trailing cutting-teeth tothe transverse gang-bars.

The details of the invention are fully set forth below. v

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a rear perspective view of myimproved sulky machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section,with the sulky-wheel indicated by dotted line. Fig. 3 is a detail topviewof the tongue-connectionsand portions of the transverse gang-bars.Fig. .lis a detailed bottom view ot the tongue-connections and a portionof the forward gang-bar. 5 is a detailed section on theline 5 5 of Fig.3. Figs. 6 to 14, inclusive, are detail. views of the devices forsecuring the harrow-teeth on the gang-bars.

In Letters Patent of the United States No. 262, 308, granted to meAugust 8, 1882, I have shown a one-wheeled sulky-machine somewhat likethat herein described. In that machine,

. however, the end of the axle was directly connected to a draft-beam orstock rigidly connected to the transverse gang-bar, and the onlyvertical adjustment of the harrow was obtained by rocking the entireharrow-frame vertically by means of alever andliftingchain. The tongueof the machine was connected to the sulky-frame and not to the harrow,"and the drivers seat was carried by a scat-supporting standard securedon the sulky-frame.

The special form of harrow, per se, shown in the present case is, so faras the general organization and operation are concerned, exlactl ysimilar to the machine shown in Letters Patent No. 262,820, patentedAugust 15, 1882.

In order to produce a sulkymachine in which the transverse gang-bars maybeadjusted or rocked to vary the angular relation of the cutting-teethto the soil, I connect the axle or cross-bar A of the sulky-machine tothe top of the harrow-seat-supporting standard by means of a pin on thestandard, which enters an eye, a', or socket, "firmly secured on theaxle or cross-bar A. The drivers seat is mounted directly on thecross-bar A, and can be adjusted to the right or left by setting itssecuring-bolt in any one of a series of apertures, o, according to thecondition of the soil and according to the amount of weight it isdesired to throw upon the cutting-teeth. s By the construction thusdescribed the driver, from his seat on the machine, may sieze the leverof theharrow and vibrate or rock the gang-bars and teeth to vary theirrelation to the soil or to free them from clogging-matter, as is fullyset forth in my Letters Patent No. 262,820. For a complete descriptionof this operation of the harrow reference is made to that patent, andmore detailed description here would merely be repetition.

'Io firmly couple the harrow and sulkyframe a brace-rod, b, extends froman eye on the seat-supporting standard, near its base, to the cross-barA. In this organization the draft-pole or tongue is secured to theharrow pivoted in the rear of this `draft-stub, and is connected by alink, e, with the seat-supporting standard, which is pivoted on thedraftstub and supported `by pivoted uprights or rods f on the reargang-bar, g. struction the draft frame or stub is firmly By thisconunited with the gang-frame. Y An angle-bar, E, curved in the arc of acircle, struck from a center, w, near the forward end of the draftstub,is firmly bolted to the draft-stub near its rear end, and the stay-rodsc pass through apertures in its downwardly-projectin g flange. Theskeleton-tongue H, preferably formed of strips of angle-iron 7L,straddles the draft-stub, and is pivoted in the forward end of thedraftstub, at the point x, by means of a cross-strap, h', joining thetwo side sections of the tongue. The rear ends of the tongue-sections,which diverge somewhat, rest upon the face of the curved angle-plate E,and are also connected by a cross-strap, i, which extends under thedraft-stub. Thumb-bolts I pass through the tongue-sections h, and areprovided with enlarged heads or clamping-flanges i,which embrace theunder side of the curved angle-bar E. By loosening these bolts thetongue H may be turned on the pivot x to change its angular relation tothe gang-frame, and may be clamped in any adjusted position by screwingup the thumb-bolts I, which will bind the rear end of the tongue to thecurved angle-bar E. The angle of the gang-frame and cutters to the lineof draft may be changed to suit varying conditions of work, or the boltsmay be left loose, so as to allow the parts of the machine to playfreely and seek their equilibrium, thus preventing the machine fromshying.

The details of construction just described may be varied withoutdeparting from my invention.

The next part of my invention relates to means for securing the trailingteeth on the -transverse gang-bars, an d is illustrated in Figs.

6 to 14, inclusive.

Fig. 6 is a plan View, and Fig. 7 an edge view, of one of thc securingplates or sockets for the short flat spurs 1., which are carried on theforward gang-bar between the trailing teeth. These socket-pieces Z areformed with side flanges, Z, on their under faces, between which theflat spurs 7c are inserted. Extensions l2 of the socket-pieces projectalong the vupper faces of the spurs and serve to brace them againstupward strain. The upper faces of the socket-pieces are formed withtransverse depressions, in which thewasher-bar m, Fig. 3, whichpreferably extends the ent-ire length of the gang-bar, is placed. Thegangbar, spurs, socket-pieces, and washer-plate are firmly securedtogether byv suitable bolts, Z3, Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 is a plan view, Fig. 9 an end View, and Fig. 10 a side View, of asomewhat similarly-formed socket-piece, n, for securing the trailingcutting-teeth a to the forward gangbar. These teeth are formed with flatrearwardly-projecting shanks, which are preferably beveled or providedwith a knife-edge on one side, so that when twisted they will presentaproper cutting-edge to the soil. The recess in the under side of thesocket-piece u is shaped to correspond to this bevel of the tooth, asclearly illustrated in Fig. 9. The socket-pieces are provided withtransverse depressions for the reception of the washerbar m, and are inother respects substantially the same as the socket-pieces representedin Figs. 6 and 7. The spurs and flat-tooth shanks on the forwardgang-bar are so mad-e as to constitute an open slotted Crusher; but onthe rear gang-bar it is preferable to secure the teeth edgewise to thebar, so that their entire length will act upon the soil. Both gang-barsare preferably formed of angleiron, as illustrated, and the reargang-bar is preferably arranged, as shown, with its interior angleturned down. The forward ends of the teeth o iit in this angular space,and are are clamped against the under face of the gangbar,are providedwith posts p p', which fit into apertures inthe gang-bar, and with ribsor lips p2, which fit against the rear edge of the gangbar, as fullyillustrated in Figs. 11 and 14. This construction holds the socket piecefirmly against any lateral or twisting movement. The under face of thesocket-piece is formed with a longitudinal recess, q, in which the upperedge of the tooth is secured by a hook-bolt, q, which passes through thegangbar and socket-piece, its lower hooked end being inserted in auaperture in the tooth. These are the primary peculiarities of structure.Further details of outline will be clear from the drawings, from whichit will be seen that the rear projecting end of the socketpiece whichcontains the longitudinal recess in which the toothis held extends ashort distance along the uppery edge of the tooth and terminates in apoint. A post or downwardlyprojecting stud, r, is formed on thesocketpiece close to the bolt-hole, and serves as a lateral support tothe tooth, which will be drawn against it by the strain of the hookbolt.By means of these devices the cutting teeth and spurs are mostpermanently and strongly united with the transverse gang-bars, and yetmay be readily removed without difficulty. The eyebolts s on the'upperface of the rear gang-bar, which support the strutrods f from theseat-supporting standard, are secured in socket-pieces t,which areprovided with recesses for the reception of the bolts, which are rigidlyclamped thereinbya clamping-bolt having an enlarged washer which bearsupon the shank of the eyebolt and holds it firmly. \Vith thisconstruction the eyebolts may be` shifted endwise, so as to project moreorl less in front of the gang-bar, as may be desired.

By the several improvements in structure IOO and organization abovedescribed a very effi-` cient, strong, and easily-handled machine,

which may be adjusted to suit all the varying of trailing cutting-teethcarried by the harrow, a lever for rocking the gangs to vary 4theirangular relation to the soilindependently of the sulky-frame, and with amovement independent of the tongue of the machine,` and a drivers seatmounted on the sulky-frame.

2. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the sulky-frame, theharrowconnected therewith by means of a standardor seat-support, the hingedtransverse gang-bars, supporting rods which support the sulky frameon the hinged'gangbars, a lever for rocking the gangs to vary theirangular relation to the soil, a drivers seat mounted on the sulkyfframe,and` means for shifting the seat laterally to vary the weight upon thegangs.

3. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the sulky-frame, theharrow flexibly connected therewith and having a draft-pole or tongueand hinged gang-bars carrying trailing teeth, supporting-rods whichsupport one end of the sulky-frame on the gang bar or bars, and a leverfor rocking the gang-bars to vary the angular relation of the teeth tothe soil.

4. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the one-Wheeledsulky-frame, the harrow flexibly connected with the end of thesulky-frame, transverse gangs of trailing cuttin gteeth a lever forvarying the angular rela-A tion of the teeth to the soil, atongue, andmechanism uniting the gang-bars and the tongue, so as to permit theangle of the pole to be varied relatively to the gang-frame.

5. The combination, `substantially as set forth, of a draft pole ortongue, a gang bar or ,bars arranged transversely to the line of draft,trailing .cutting-teeth carried by the gang bar or bars, means forelevating or depressing the teeth to vary their angular relation to thesoil,

and mechanism connecting the draft-pole and gang-bar, so as to permitthe angle of the pole relatively to the gang-bars to be varied.

6.` The combination, `substantially as set forth, of the transversegang-bar, the teeth carried thereby in a line across the draft of themachine, the draft-stub secured thereto, the` pole or tongue pivoted onthe draft-stub, so that its angle to the line of draft may vary,

`and the lever for elevating or depressing the cutting-teeth to varytheir angular relation to y the soil.

7. The combination ofthe forward gang-bar,

the draft-stub securedthereto, the curved plate bolted to therear end ofthe draft-stub, the skeleton or bifuroated tongue pivoted on the forwardend of the gang-bar, so as to straddle the draft-stub, and mechanism forclamping the tongue to the curved plate secured on the draftstub, so asto hold it at any desired angle.

8. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a gangbar, a seriesof socket-pieces` with recesses on their undersides for the reception ofthe teeth, transverse sockets on their upper faces for the reception ofthe gangbar or bar-washer which `extends lengthwise of the gang-bar,rearwardly-projeating extensions which brace the teeth against strains,

and means for clamping the teeth, socket? pieces, washer, and gang-bartogether.

9. The combination, substantially as set forth of the tongue, theforward gangbar hinged thereto, the rear gang-bar hinged to the forwardgangbar, a rearwardly-proj ecting standard mounted on the tongue ordraftfpole, supporting-rods extending from the rearwardlyprojeotingstandard to supports carried by the rear gang-bar, and means foradjusting such supports to canse them to project more or less from thefront edge of the rear gang bar.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 20th day ofJuly, A. D. 1883.

Witnesses:

J As. C. YoUNGBLooD, y B. B. CRAIG.

y FREDERICK NIsHWrrz.

